Which component is essential for running geoprocessing tasks in ArcGIS Enterprise?

The essential component for running geoprocessing tasks in ArcGIS Enterprise is ArcGIS Server. This component specializes in managing and executing geospatial analysis and data processing tasks. It serves as the core engine that handles the computation and processing of geospatial data, allowing users to perform tasks such as tool execution, model management, and service publishing for geoprocessing workflows.

ArcGIS Server is specifically designed to perform geoprocessing requests, which can be initiated from various clients, such as web applications, mobile apps, or ArcGIS Pro. Its capabilities include serving geoprocessing services that can be used to carry out complex spatial analyses and generate outputs in various formats.

Other components play important roles within the ArcGIS Enterprise environment, but they do not directly manage the execution of geoprocessing tasks. For instance, ArcGIS Pro serves as a desktop application for creating and managing GIS data and tools, ArcGIS Online provides cloud-based GIS capabilities for sharing and collaboration, and ArcGIS Data Store functions as a repository for storing layers and data that can be accessed by the Enterprise system. However, the execution of geoprocessing tasks specifically relies on the processing power and functionality of ArcGIS Server.