Which method does ArcGIS Enterprise use to handle large datasets?

ArcGIS Enterprise employs caching and tiled map services as a primary method for efficiently managing large datasets. This approach enhances performance by pre-generating and storing map images in various scales and formats, allowing for rapid retrieval and display when users request views of the map. By utilizing a tiling scheme, ArcGIS divides the map into manageable sections or tiles, which can be served dynamically to users based on their viewing needs. This method minimizes the load on the server and improves the user experience, especially when dealing with substantial amounts of geospatial data over extensive areas.

The other methods listed, while potentially part of broader data management strategies, do not specifically address the optimal handling and performance improvement of large datasets within the ArcGIS environment. Compressing data into zip files may reduce storage size but does not directly enhance access speed or efficiency. Manually breaking data into smaller segments can be labor intensive and lacks the automation and optimization offered by caching techniques. External data management tools may augment ArcGIS functionalities but are not a core method utilized by ArcGIS Enterprise itself to handle large datasets effectively.